Umphunga weMercury, ukukhanya-emitting diode (i-LED), kunye ne-excimer yitekhnoloji yesibane yokunyanga i-UV. Ngelixa zontathu zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo ze-photopolymerization ukuwela i-inks, ii-coatings, i-adhesives, kunye ne-extrusions, iindlela zokuvelisa amandla ombane we-UV, kunye neempawu zemveliso ye-spectral ehambelanayo, zahluke ngokupheleleyo. Ukuqonda lo mahluko luncedo ekuphuhlisweni kwesicelo kunye nokuqulunqwa, ukukhetha umthombo wokunyanga kwe-UV, kunye nokudibanisa.
Izibane zoMphunga weMercury
Zombini izibane ze-arc ze-electrode kunye nezibane ze-electrode-less microwave ziwela kudidi lomphunga wemekyuri. Izibane zomphunga zeMercury luhlobo loxinzelelo oluphakathi, izibane zokukhutshwa kwegesi apho inani elincinci le-mercury elemental kunye negesi ye-inert ifakwe kwi-plasma ngaphakathi kwetyhubhu ye-quartz evaliweyo. I-Plasma yigesi ye-ionized enobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu ekwaziyo ukuqhuba umbane. Iveliswa ngokusebenzisa amandla ombane phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini ngaphakathi kwesibane se-arc okanye ngokuhambisa i-electrode-less isibane ngaphakathi kwendawo ebiyelweyo okanye emngxunyeni ofana nombono we-oven microwave yasekhaya. Nje ukuba ifakwe umphunga, iplasma yemercury ikhupha ukukhanya okubanzi kwi-ultraviolet, ebonakalayo, kunye ne-infrared wavelengths.
Kwimeko yesibane se-arc yombane, i-voltage esetyenzisiweyo inika amandla umbhobho we-quartz otywiniweyo. La mandla awenza abe ngumphunga imekyuri ibe yiplasma aze akhuphe ii-elektroni kwiiathom ezenziwe ngumphunga. Inxalenye yee-electron (-) iqukuqela ukuya kwi-electrode ye-tungsten entle yesibane okanye i-anode (+) kunye nakwisekethe yombane yesixokelelwano se-UV. Iiathom ezinee-electron ezisanda kulahleka ziba zii-cations zokunika amandla ngokufanelekileyo (+) ezithi zimpompoze zisingise kwisibane se-tungsten electrode okanye i-cathode (-). Njengoko zihamba, ii-cations zibetha iiathomu ezingathathi hlangothi kumxube wegesi. Impembelelo idlulisela ii-electron ukusuka kwi-athomu engathathi hlangothi ukuya kwiications. Njengoko ii-cations zifumana ii-electron, ziwela kwindawo yamandla aphantsi. Umahluko wamandla ukhutshwa njengeefotoni eziphuma ngaphandle kwityhubhu yequartz. Ukuba isibane sinikwe amandla ngokufanelekileyo, sipholiswe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye sisebenza ngaphakathi kobomi baso obuluncedo, ubonelelo oluqhubekayo lwee-cations ezisandula ukudalwa (+) zitsalela kwi-electrode engalunganga okanye i-cathode (-), ibetha iiathom ezininzi kwaye ivelisa ukukhutshwa kokukhanya kwe-UV. Izibane zeMicrowave zisebenza ngendlela efanayo ngaphandle kokuba ii-microwaves, ezikwabizwa ngokuba ngamaza kanomathotholo (RF), zithatha indawo yesekethe yombane. Ekubeni izibane ze-microwave zingenawo ama-electrode e-tungsten kwaye ziyi-tube ye-quartz etywiniweyo equlethe i-mercury kunye negesi ye-inert, ngokuqhelekileyo zibizwa ngokuba yi-electrodeless.
Ukukhutshwa kwe-UV ye-broadband okanye izibane zomphunga ze-mercury ezibanzi zijikeleza i-ultraviolet, ebonakalayo, kunye ne-infrared wavelengths, malunga nomlinganiselo olinganayo. Inxalenye ye-ultraviolet iquka umxube we-UVC (200 ukuya kwi-280 nm), i-UVB (280 ukuya kwi-315 nm), i-UVA (315 ukuya kwi-400 nm), kunye ne-UVV (400 ukuya kwi-450 nm) ubude be-wavelengths. Izibane ezikhupha i-UVC kwi-wavelengths ngaphantsi kwe-240 nm zivelisa i-ozone kwaye zifuna ukukhupha okanye ukuhluzwa.
Imveliso ye-spectral yesibane somphunga wemercury inokuguqulwa ngokudibanisa amanani amancinci e-dopants, njenge: iron (Fe), i-gallium (Ga), ilothe (Pb), i-tin (Sn), i-bismuth (Bi), okanye i-indium (In ). Iintsimbi ezongeziweyo zitshintsha ukubunjwa kweplasma kwaye, ngenxa yoko, amandla akhutshwa xa ii-cations zifumana ii-electron. Izibane ezineentsimbi ezongezelelweyo zibizwa ngokuba yi-doped, i-additive, kunye ne-metal halide. Uninzi lwee-ink ezenziwe nge-UV, ii-coatings, izinto zokuncamathelisa, kunye ne-extrusions ziyilelwe ukuhambelana nemveliso ye-standard mercury- (Hg) okanye i-iron- (Fe) doped izibane. Izibane ezifakwe ngentsimbi zitshintsha inxalenye yemveliso ye-UV ukuya kude, kubude obusondeleyo obubonakalayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungeneni okungcono ngokujiya, imixube enemibala emininzi. Imixube ye-UV equlethe i-titanium dioxide ikholisa ukunyanga ngcono ngezibane ze-gallium (GA)-doped. Oku kungenxa yokuba izibane ze-gallium zitshintsha inxalenye ebalulekileyo yemveliso ye-UV ukuya kumaza amaza angaphezulu kwama-380 nm. Ekubeni izongezo ze-titanium dioksidi ngokuqhelekileyo azifunxa ukukhanya okungaphezulu kwe-380 nm, ukusebenzisa izibane ze-gallium ezinemixube emhlophe kuvumela amandla amaninzi e-UV ukuba afunxeke ziifotonitiators ngokuchasene nezongezo.
Iiprofayili zeSpectral zibonelela ngabaqulunqi kunye nabasebenzisi bokugqibela ngokuboniswa okubonakalayo kwendlela imveliso yokukhanya kwesibane esithile esasasazwa ngayo kwispectrum ye-electromagnetic. Ngelixa i-mercury eyenziwe ngumphunga kunye neentsimbi ezongezelelweyo zichaze iimpawu zemitha, umxube ochanekileyo wezinto kunye neegesi ezingenayo ngaphakathi kwityhubhu yequartz kunye nolwakhiwo lwesibane kunye noyilo lwenkqubo yokunyanga zonke zinefuthe ekuphumeni kwe-UV. Ukukhutshwa kwe-spectral yesibane esingadibanisiweyo esinikwe amandla kwaye silinganiswe ngumboneleli wesibane kwindawo evulekileyo kuya kuba nemveliso eyahlukileyo ye-spectral kunesibane esifakwe ngaphakathi kwentloko yesibane kunye nesibonisi esilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokupholisa. Iiprofayili zeSpectral zifumaneka ngokulula kubaboneleli benkqubo ye-UV, kwaye ziluncedo kuphuhliso loqulunqo kunye nokukhetha isibane.
Iprofayile yembonakalo eqhelekileyo icwangcisa iradiance kwi-y-axis kunye nobude bobude kumgca ongu-x. I-spectral irradiance inokuboniswa ngeendlela ezininzi ezibandakanya ixabiso elipheleleyo (umz. W/cm2/nm) okanye imilinganiselo engafanelekanga, ehlobeneyo, okanye eyesiqhelo (iyunithi-ngaphantsi). Iinkangeleko ziqhele ukubonisa ulwazi njengetshathi yomgca okanye njengetshathi yebha eqokelela imveliso ibe ngamabhanti ayi-10 nm. Le grafu ilandelayo yemercury arc isibane sembonakalo yegrafu ibonisa iirradiance enxulumeneyo ngokubhekiselele kubude bobude beenkqubo zeGEW (Figure 1).
UMZO 1 »Iitshati ze-Spectral output zemercury kunye nentsimbi.
Isibane ligama elisetyenziselwa ukubhekisa kwi-UV-emitting quartz tube eYurophu naseAsia, ngelixa abantu baseMntla naseMzantsi Melika bethanda ukusebenzisa umxube otshintshanayo webhalbhu kunye nesibane. Isibane kunye nentloko yesibane zombini zibhekisa kwindibano epheleleyo egcina ityhubhu yequartz kunye nawo onke amanye amacandelo oomatshini kunye nombane.
Electrode Arc Izibane
Iinkqubo zezibane ze-arc ze-Electrode ziquka intloko yesibane, i-fan yokupholisa okanye i-chiller, i-power supply, kunye ne-interface yomshini womntu (HMI). Intloko yesibane ibandakanya isibane (ibhalbhu), i-reflector, i-casing yentsimbi okanye indlu, i-shutter assembly, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-quartz window okanye i-wire guard. I-GEW ixhoma iityhubhu zayo zequartz, izikhanyisi, kunye neendlela zokuvala ngaphakathi kweeassembly zekhasethi ezinokususwa ngokulula kumphandle wentloko yesibane okanye indlu. Ukususa ikhasethi ye-GEW ngokuqhelekileyo kufezekiswa kwimizuzwana kusetyenziswa i-allen wrench enye. Ngenxa yokuba imveliso ye-UV, ubukhulu bentloko yesibane kunye nokuma, iimpawu zenkqubo, kunye neemfuno zezixhobo ezincedisayo ziyahluka ngokusetyenziswa kunye nokuthengisa, iinkqubo zesibane se-electrode arc ngokubanzi zenzelwe udidi olunikiweyo lwezicelo okanye iintlobo zoomatshini ezifanayo.
Izibane zomphunga zeMercury zikhupha i-360 ° yokukhanya kwityhubhu yequartz. Iinkqubo zezibane ze-arc zisebenzisa izibonisi ezibekwe emacaleni nasemva kwesibane ukuze zibambe kwaye zigxininise ngakumbi ukukhanya kumgama ochaziweyo phambi kwentloko yesibane. Lo mgama waziwa njengogxininiso kwaye kulapho i-irradiance inkulu khona. Izibane ze-arc ngokuqhelekileyo zikhupha kuluhlu lwe-5 ukuya kwi-12 W / cm2 ekugxininiseni. Kuba malunga ne-70% yemveliso ye-UV evela kwintloko yesibane ivela kwisibonisi, kubalulekile ukugcina izibonisi zicocekile kwaye uzitshintshe ngamaxesha athile. Ukungacocwa okanye ukutshintshwa kwezibonisi linye ligalelo eliqhelekileyo kunyango olungonelanga.
Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-30, i-GEW ibiphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kweenkqubo zayo zokunyanga, ilungisa iimpawu nemveliso ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zezicelo ezithile neemarike, nokuphuhlisa ipotfoliyo enkulu yezincedisi ezidityanisiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, izibonelelo zorhwebo zanamhlanje ezivela kwi-GEW zibandakanya ulwakhiwo lwezindlu olubambeneyo, izibonisi eziphuculweyo ukuze zikwazi ukubonakaliswa kweUV kunye nokuncipha kwe-infrared, iindlela zokuvala ezivalelekileyo, iziketi zewebhu kunye neendawo zokubeka, ukutya kwewebhu yeclam-shell, ukufakwa kwenitrogen, iintloko ezicinezelekileyo, isikrini esichukumisayo. ujongano lomsebenzisi, izixhobo zombane zelizwe eliqinileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle okukhulu, ukujongwa kwemveliso ye-UV, kunye nokujongwa kwenkqubo ekude.
Xa izibane ze-electrode zoxinzelelo oluphakathi zisebenza, ubushushu bomphezulu wequartz buphakathi kwama-600 °C kunye nama-800 °C, kwaye iqondo lobushushu langaphakathi kwiplasma lingamawaka aliqela edigri zecentigrade. Umoya onyanzelweyo yeyona ndlela iphambili yokugcina ubushushu obuchanekileyo bokusebenza kwesibane kunye nokususa amandla athile emitha ye-infrared. I-GEW inika lo moya kakubi; oku kuthetha ukuba umoya utsalwa kwi-casing, ecaleni kwesibonisi kunye nesibane, kwaye uphelelwe yindibano kwaye kude nomatshini okanye indawo yokunyanga. Ezinye iisistim ze-GEW ezifana ne-E4C zisebenzisa ukupholisa ulwelo, okwenza ukuba i-UV iphume kancinane kwaye icuthe ubukhulu bentloko yesibane.
Izibane ze-arc ze-Electrode zinemijikelo yokufudumala kunye nokupholisa phantsi. Izibane zibethwa ngokupholisa okuncinci. Oku kuvumela iplasma ye-mercury ukuba inyuke kwiqondo lokushisa elifunwayo, ivelise ii-electron zamahhala kunye ne-cations, kwaye ivumele ukuhamba kwangoku. Xa intloko yesibane icinyiwe, ukupholisa kuyaqhubeka nokuqhuba imizuzu embalwa ukupholisa ngokulinganayo ityhubhu ye-quartz. Isibane esishushu kakhulu asiyi kuphinda sibethe kwaye kufuneka siqhubeke sipholile. Ubude bomjikelo wokuqalisa kunye nokupholisa phantsi, kunye nokuthotywa kwee-electrode ngexesha loqhankqalazo lwamandla ombane ngamnye kungenxa yoko iindlela zokuvala i-pneumatic shutter zihlala zidityanisiwe kwiiassemblies zezibane ze-electrode ze-GEW. Umzobo we-2 ubonisa i-air-cooled (E2C) kunye ne-liquid-cooled (E4C) izibane ze-arc electrode.
UMZO 2 »I-Liquid-cooled (E4C) kunye ne-air-cooled (E2C) izibane ze-electrode arc.
Izibane ze-UV ze-LED
Ii-semi-conductor ziqinile, imathiriyeli eyikristale eqhubayo noko. Umbane uhamba nge-semi-conductor ngcono kune-insulator, kodwa hayi ngokunjalo ne-metallic conductor. Izinto ezenzeka ngokwendalo kodwa ezingasebenziyo zibandakanya izinto zesilicon, igermanium, kunye neselenium. Ii-semi-conductor ezenziwe ngokudibeneyo ezenzelwe imveliso kunye nokusebenza kakuhle zizinto ezihlanganisiweyo ezinobumdaka obufakwe ngokuchanekileyo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo sekristale. Kwimeko ye-UV LEDs, i-aluminium gallium nitride (AlGaN) yinto esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo.
IiSemi-conductor zibalulekile kwizinto zombane zanamhlanje kwaye zenzelwe ukwenza iitransistors, iidiode, ii-light-emitting diodes, kunye nemicro-processors. Izixhobo zeSemi-conductor zidityanisiwe kwiisekethe zombane kwaye zifakwe ngaphakathi kwiimveliso ezinje ngeeselfowuni, iilaptops, iitafile, izixhobo zombane, iinqwelomoya, iimoto, izilawuli ezikude, kunye nezinto zokudlala zabantwana. Ezi zixhobo zincinci kodwa zinamandla zenza iimveliso zemihla ngemihla zisebenze ngelixa zivumela izinto ukuba zibe compact, zincinci, ubunzima obulula, kwaye zifikeleleke ngakumbi.
Kwimeko ekhethekileyo yee-LEDs, ziyilwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye zenziwe izixhobo ze-semi-conductor zikhupha iibhanti zokukhanya ezimxinwa xa ziqhagamshelwe kumthombo wamandla we-DC. Ukukhanya kuveliswa kuphela xa ngoku kugeleza ukusuka kwi-anode elungileyo (+) ukuya kwi-cathode engalunganga (-) ye-LED nganye. Ekubeni imveliso ye-LED ikhawuleza kwaye ilawulwa ngokulula kunye ne-quasi-monochromatic, ii-LED zifanelekile ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa njenge: izibane zesalathisi; iimpawu zonxibelelwano nge-infrared; ukukhanyisa umva kwiiTV, iilaptops, iitafile, kunye neefowuni ze-smart; iimpawu ze-elektroniki, iibhodi zezaziso, neejumbotrons; kunye nokunyanga kwe-UV.
I-LED yi-positive-negative junction (pn junction). Oku kuthetha ukuba enye inxalenye ye-LED inentlawulo efanelekileyo kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-anode (+), kwaye enye inxalenye inentlawulo engafanelekanga kwaye ibizwa ngokuba yi-cathode (-). Ngelixa omabini amacala eqhuba ngokwentelekiso, umda wokudityaniswa apho amacala amabini adibana khona, owaziwa ngokuba yindawo yokuncipha, awuhambisi. Xa i-terminal ye-positive (+) yomthombo wamandla othe ngqo (DC) iqhagamshelwe kwi-anode (+) ye-LED, kunye ne-negative (-) terminal yomthombo idityaniswe kwi-cathode (-), ii-electron ezihlawulwe kakubi. kwi-cathode kunye nezithuba ze-electron ezichajiwe kakuhle kwi-anode ziyagxothwa ngumthombo wamandla kwaye zityhalelwe kwindawo yokuncipha. Oku kukujonga phambili, kwaye kunefuthe lokunqoba umda ongeyena umqhubi. Isiphumo kukuba ii-electron zamahhala kummandla we-n-uhlobo ziwela kwaye zizalise izithuba kwindawo yohlobo lwe-p. Njengoko ii-electron zihamba ngaphaya komda, zitshintshela kwimeko yamandla aphantsi. Ukuhla kwamandla ngokufanelekileyo kukhutshwa kwi-semi-conductor njengeefotoni zokukhanya.
Izinto eziphathekayo kunye nee-dopants ezenza i-crystalline structure ye-LED inquma ukuphuma kwe-spectral. Namhlanje, imithombo yokunyanga ye-LED ekhoyo ngokurhweba ineziphumo ze-ultraviolet ezijoliswe kwi-365, i-385, i-395, kunye ne-405 nm, ukunyamezela okuqhelekileyo kwe-± 5 nm, kunye ne-Gaussian spectral distribution. I-peak spectral irradiance enkulu (W / cm2 / nm), iphezulu i-peak ye-bell curve. Ngelixa uphuhliso lwe-UVC luqhubeka phakathi kwe-275 kunye ne-285 nm, imveliso, ubomi, ukuthembeka, kunye neendleko azikabikho ukuthengiswa kweenkqubo zokunyanga kunye nezicelo.
Kuba imveliso ye-UV-LED okwangoku inqunyelwe kumaza amaza e-UVA amade, inkqubo yokunyanga ye-UV-LED ayikhuphi i-broadband spectral ephuma kwizibane zoxinzelelo oluphakathi zemercury. Oku kuthetha ukuba iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED azikhuphi i-UVC, i-UVB, okona kukhanya kubonakalayo, kunye nobushushu obuvelisa ubushushu be-infrared wavelengths. Ngelixa oku kuvumela iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED ukuba zisetyenziswe kwizicelo ezingevani nobushushu ngakumbi, ii-inki ezikhoyo, ii-coatings, kunye ne-adhesives ezenzelwe izibane zemercury ezinoxinzelelo oluphakathi kufuneka zihlengahlengiswe kwiinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED. Ngethamsanqa, ababoneleli bekhemistri baya besanda ukuyila iminikelo njengonyango olubini. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukwakhiwa kweendlela ezimbini zokunyanga okujoliswe ukunyanga ngesibane se-UV-LED kuya kunyanga kwakhona ngesibane somphunga wemercury (Umfanekiso 3).
UMZO 3 »Itshathi yokuphuma kweSpectral ye-LED.
Iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED ze-GEW zikhupha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30 W/cm2 kwifestile yokukhupha. Ngokungafaniyo nezibane ze-arc ze-electrode, iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED azibandakanyi izibonisi eziqondisa imitha yokukhanya kwingqwalasela egxininisiweyo. Ngenxa yoko, i-UV-LED peak irradiance yenzeka kufutshane nefestile ekhuphayo. Imitha ye-UV-LED ekhutshiweyo iyahlukana enye kwenye njengoko umgama phakathi kwentloko yesibane kunye nomphezulu wonyango usanda. Oku kunciphisa ukugxininiswa kokukhanya kunye nobukhulu be-irradiance efikelela kwindawo yonyango. Ngelixa i-peak irradiance ibalulekile kwi-crosslinking, i-irradiance eyandayo ayisoloko inenzuzo kwaye inokuthintela ukuxinana okukhulu kokuwela. I-Wavelength (nm), i-irradiance (W / cm2) kunye nokuxinana kwamandla (J / cm2) zonke zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunyangeni, kwaye impembelelo yabo edibeneyo yonyango kufuneka iqondwe ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha lokukhetha umthombo we-UV-LED.
Ii-LED ziyimithombo yeLambertian. Ngamanye amagama, i-LED nganye ye-UV ikhupha imveliso efanayo eya phambili kwi-360 ° x 180 ° epheleleyo yehemisphere. Ii-LED ezininzi ze-UV, nganye ngokomyalelo we-millimeter yesikwere, zicwangciswe kumqolo omnye, i-matrix yemigca kunye neentsika, okanye olunye ulungelelwaniso. Ezi subassemblies, ezaziwa ngokuba ziimodyuli okanye ii-arrays, zenziwe ngezithuba phakathi kwee-LED eziqinisekisa ukudibanisa kwizithuba kwaye ziququzelele ukupholisa kwe-diode. Iimodyuli ezininzi okanye ii-arrays zicwangciswa kwiindibano ezinkulu ukuze zenze ubungakanani obahlukeneyo beenkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV (Amanani 4 kunye ne-5). Izinto ezongezelelweyo ezifunekayo ukwakha inkqubo yokunyanga ye-UV-LED iquka i-sink yobushushu, ifestile ekhuphayo, abaqhubi be-elektroniki, izixhobo zombane ze-DC, inkqubo yokupholisa ulwelo okanye i-chiller, kunye nojongano lomatshini womntu (HMI).
UMZO 4 »Inkqubo yeLeoLED yewebhu.
UMZO 5 »Inkqubo ye-LeoLED yofakelo lwezibane ezininzi ezinesantya esiphezulu.
Kuba iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED azibengezeli amaza e-infrared. Ngokwemvelo bahambisa amandla amancinci ashushu kwindawo yonyango kunezibane zomoya zemercury, kodwa oku akuthethi ukuba ii-LED ze-UV kufuneka zithathwe njengetekhnoloji yokunyanga ukubanda. Iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED zinokukhupha i-irradiances ephezulu kakhulu, kwaye amaza e-ultraviolet luhlobo lwamandla. Nantoni na imveliso engafuntshwanga yikhemistri iya kutshisa icandelo elingaphantsi okanye i-substrate kunye nezinto ezijikelezileyo zomatshini.
Ii-LED ze-UV nazo zingamacandelo ombane kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle okuqhutywa yi-semi-conductor ekrwada yoyilo kunye nemveliso kunye neendlela zokuvelisa kunye namacandelo asetyenziselwa ukupakisha ii-LED kwiyunithi enkulu yokunyanga. Ngelixa ubushushu betyhubhu yequartz yomphunga kufuneka igcinwe phakathi kwe-600 kunye ne-800 °C ngexesha lokusebenza, iqondo lokushisa le-pn junction ye-LED kufuneka lihlale lingaphantsi kwe-120 °C. Kuphela yi-35-50% yombane onika amandla uluhlu lwe-UV-LED luguqulelwa kwimveliso ye-ultraviolet (ixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-wavelength). Intsalela iguqulwa ibe bubushushu be-thermal ekufuneka isuswe ukuze kugcinwe ubushushu obunqwenelekayo besiphambuka kwaye kuqinisekiswe i-irradiance ecacisiweyo yenkqubo, ukuxinana kwamandla, kunye nokufana, kunye nobomi obude. Ii-LED zizixhobo ezihlala ixesha elide eziqinileyo, kwaye ukudibanisa ii-LEDs kwiindibano ezinkulu ezineenkqubo zokupholisa eziyilwe ngokufanelekileyo nezigcinwayo kubalulekile ekufezekiseni iinkcukacha zobomi obude. Ayizizo zonke iinkqubo zokunyanga i-UV ezifanayo, kwaye ziyilwe ngokungafanelekanga kwaye zipholile iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED zinethuba elikhulu lokutshisa kakhulu kunye nokusilela ngentlekele.
Arc / LED Hybrid Izibane
Kuyo nayiphi na imarike apho itekhnoloji entsha kraca yaziswa njengokutshintsha kobuchwephesha obusele bukhona, kunokubakho uloyiko malunga nokwamkelwa kunye nokuthandabuza ukusebenza. Abasebenzisi abanokubakho badla ngokulibazisa ukuthathwa komntwana de kubekho iifomu ezisisiseko zofakelo ezimiselwe kakuhle, izifundo zetyala zipapashwa, ubungqina obulungileyo buqala ukujikeleza ngobuninzi, kunye/okanye bafumana amava okuqala okanye iimbekiselo ezivela kubantu neenkampani abazaziyo nabazithembileyo. Ubungqina obunzima buhlala bufuneka ngaphambi kokuba imarike yonke ilahle ngokupheleleyo inguqu endala kunye ngokupheleleyo entsha. Ayinakunceda into yokuba amabali empumelelo athande ukuba ziimfihlo ezibambekayo njengoko abamkela kwangaphambi kwexesha bengafuni abakhuphisana nabo bafumane izibonelelo ezifanayo. Ngenxa yoko, amabali okwenyani kunye nokubaxiweyo okuphoxeka ngamanye amaxesha anokuphinda abuyele kwimarike yonke efihla iimfanelo zokwenyani zetekhnoloji entsha kunye nokulibazisa ukwamkelwa.
Kuyo yonke imbali, nanjengento echasene nokwamkelwa kwamathandabuzo, uyilo oluxutyiweyo luye lwamkelwa rhoqo njengebhulorho yotshintsho phakathi kweteknoloji entsha kunye neteknoloji entsha. Ii-Hybrids zivumela abasebenzisi ukuba bafumane ukuzithemba kwaye bazinqumele ukuba kufuneka zisetyenziswe njani kwaye nini iimveliso ezintsha okanye iindlela, ngaphandle kokuncama amandla akhoyo. Kwimeko yokunyanga kwe-UV, inkqubo ye-hybrid ivumela abasebenzisi ukuba batshintshe ngokukhawuleza kwaye batshintshe phakathi kwezibane zomoya we-mercury kunye neteknoloji ye-LED. Kwimigca enezikhululo zokunyanga ezininzi, imixube ivumela oomatshini bokushicilela ukuba baqhube i-100% ye-LED, i-100% ye-mercury vapor, okanye nawuphi na umxube wobuchwephesha obubini obufunekayo kumsebenzi othile.
I-GEW ibonelela ngeenkqubo ze-arc/LED ezixubeneyo zabaguquleli bewebhu. Isisombululo saphuhliswa kweyona marike inkulu ye-GEW, ileyibhile yewebhu emxinwa, kodwa uyilo oluxutyiweyo lukwanokusetyenziswa kwezinye iinkqubo zewebhu nezingezizo ezewebhu (Figure 6). I-arc / i-LED idibanisa indlu yesibane esiqhelekileyo esinokufaka umphunga we-mercury okanye i-cassette ye-LED. Zombini iikhasethi ziqhuba amandla kunye nenkqubo yolawulo jikelele. Ubukrelekrele ngaphakathi kwesixokelelwano buvumela ukwahlula phakathi kweentlobo zekhasethi kwaye ngokuzenzekelayo zinikeze amandla afanelekileyo, ukupholisa, kunye nojongano lomsebenzisi. Ukususa okanye ukufakela nokuba yiyiphi i-GEW's mercury vapor okanye iikhasethi ze-LED ngokuqhelekileyo kuphunyezwa kwimizuzwana kusetyenziswa i-allen wrench enye.
UMZO 6 »Inkqubo yeArc/LED yewebhu.
Izibane zeExcimer
Izibane ze-Excimer luhlobo lwesibane sokukhutshwa kwegesi ekhupha amandla e-ultraviolet e-quasi-monochromatic. Ngelixa izibane ze-excimer zifumaneka kumaza amaninzi, iziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-ultraviolet zigxile kwi-172, 222, 308, kunye ne-351 nm. Izibane ze-172-nm ze-excimer ziwela ngaphakathi kwe-vacuum band ye-UV (100 ukuya ku-200 nm), ngelixa i-222 nm i-UVC kuphela (200 ukuya ku-280 nm). 308-nm excimer izibane emit UVB (280 ukuba 315 nm), kunye 351 nm ngokuqinileyo UVA (315 ukuba 400 nm).
I-172-nm vacuum ye-UV yavelengths imfutshane kwaye iqulethe amandla amaninzi kune-UVC; nangona kunjalo, bayasokola ukungena nzulu kwizinto. Ngapha koko, i-172-nm wavelengths ifakwe ngokupheleleyo ngaphakathi kwe-10 ephezulu ukuya kwi-200 nm ye-UV-formulated chemistry. Ngenxa yoko, izibane ze-172-nm ze-excimer ziya kunqumla kuphela umphezulu ongaphandle we-UV formulations kwaye kufuneka zidibaniswe kunye nezinye izixhobo zokunyanga. Ekubeni i-vacuum yamaza e-UV nayo ifunxwa ngumoya, izibane ze-172-nm ze-excimer kufuneka ziqhutywe kwi-atmosphere ene-nitrogen.
Uninzi lwezibane ze-excimer zibandakanya ityhubhu ye-quartz esebenza njengesithintelo se-dielectric. Umbhobho uzaliswe ngeegesi ezinqabileyo ezikwazi ukwenza i-excimer okanye i-molecule ye-exciplex (Umfanekiso 7). Iigesi ezahlukeneyo zivelisa iimolekyuli ezahlukeneyo, kwaye iimolekyuli ezahlukeneyo ezichulumancisayo zimisela ukuba yeyiphi i-wavelengths ekhutshwa sisibane. I-electrode ene-voltage ephezulu ihamba ngobude bangaphakathi betyhubhu ye-quartz, kwaye i-electrode yomhlaba ihamba ngobude obungaphandle. I-voltages ifakwe kwisibane kwi-frequencies ephezulu. Oku kubangela ukuba ii-electron zihambe ngaphakathi kwe-electrode yangaphakathi kwaye zikhuphe kumxube wegesi ukuya kwii-electrode zomhlaba zangaphandle. Le nto yesayensi yaziwa ngokuba yi-dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). Njengoko ii-electron zihamba ngegesi, zisebenzisana kunye ne-athomu kwaye zidale iintlobo ezinamandla okanye i-ionized ezivelisa i-excimer okanye i-molecule ye-exciplex. Iimolekyuli ze-Excimer kunye ne-exciplex zinobomi obufutshane obumangalisayo, kwaye njengoko zibola ukusuka kwimeko evuyayo ukuya kwindawo ephantsi, iifotoni ze-quasi-monochromatic distribution ziyakhutshwa.
UMZO 7 »Isibane se-Excimer
Ngokungafaniyo nezibane zomphunga wemercury, umphezulu wesibane se-excimer quartz tube awutshisi. Ngenxa yoko, izibane ezininzi ze-excimer zihamba kunye nokupholisa okuncinci. Kwezinye iimeko, umgangatho ophantsi wokupholisa uyafuneka obonelelwa ngegesi yenitrogen. Ngenxa yozinzo lwesibane se-thermal, izibane ze-excimer zikhawuleza 'ZIVILE/ZIVALE' kwaye azifuni zijikelo zokufudumeza okanye zokupholisa.
Xa izibane ze-excimer ezisasaza kwi-172 nm zidityaniswe kunye ne-quasi-monochromatic UVA-LED-curing systems kunye nezibane ze-broadband mercury vapor, iziphumo ze-matting surface ziveliswa. Izibane ze-UVA ze-LED kuqala zisetyenziselwa i-gel i-chemistry. Izibane ze-quasi-monochromatic excimer ke zisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-polymerize umphezulu, kwaye ekugqibeleni izibane ze-broadband mercury crosslink yonke i-chemistry. Iziphumo ezikhethekileyo zembonakalo yobuchwephesha obuthathu obusetyenzisiweyo ngokwamanqanaba ahlukeneyo buzisa iziphumo eziluncedo zokubona kunye nokusebenza komphezulu wonyango ezingenako ukufezekiswa nangawuphi na umthombo we-UV ngokwawo.
I-Excimer wavelengths ye-172 kunye ne-222 nm iyasebenza ekutshabalaliseni izinto eziphilayo ezinobungozi kunye neebhaktheriya ezinobungozi, eyenza ukuba izibane ze-excimer zisebenze ukucoca umphezulu, ukubulala iintsholongwane kunye nonyango lwamandla angaphezulu.
UBomi besibane
Ngokubhekiselele kubomi besibane okanye ibhalbhu, izibane ze-arc zeGEW ziqhele ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-2,000. Ubomi besibane abukho ngokupheleleyo, njengoko ukuphuma kwe-UV kuncipha kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha kwaye kuchatshazelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Uyilo kunye nomgangatho wesibane, kunye nemeko yokusebenza kwenkqubo ye-UV kunye nokusebenza kwakhona komcimbi wokuqulunqa. Iinkqubo ze-UV eziyilwe ngokufanelekileyo ziqinisekisa ukuba amandla achanekileyo kunye nokupholisa okufunwa sisibane esithile (ibhalbhu) uyilo lunikiwe.
Izibane ezibonelelwa nge-GEW (iibhalbhu) zihlala zibonelela obona bomi bude xa zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokunyanga ze-GEW. Imithombo yobonelelo lwesibini ngokubanzi iguqule isibane kwisampulu, kwaye iikopi zisenokungaqulathanga isiphelo esifanayo, idiameter yequartz, umxholo wemekyuri, okanye umxube werhasi, onokuchaphazela yonke imveliso ye-UV kunye nokuveliswa kobushushu. Xa isizukulwana sobushushu singalungelelananga ngokuchasene nokupholisa inkqubo, isibane sibandezeleka kuzo zombini iziphumo kunye nobomi. Izibane ezisebenza ngokupholileyo zikhupha i-UV encinci. Izibane ezihamba shushu azihlali ixesha elide kwaye zijika kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu.
Ubomi bezibane ze-arc ze-electrode bukhawulelwe ngubushushu bokusebenza kwesibane, inani leeyure zokusebenza, kunye nenani lokuqalisa okanye ukubetha. Ngalo lonke ixesha isibane sibethwa nge-arc ephezulu-voltage ngexesha lokuqalisa, intwana ye-tungsten electrode iyaguga. Ekugqibeleni, isibane asiyi kuphinda sibethe. Izibane ze-arc ze-Electrode zibandakanya iindlela zokuvala ezithi, xa zibandakanyeka, zithintele ukuphuma kwe-UV njengenye indlela yokuphindaphinda ukukhwela ibhayisekile umbane wesibane. Ii-inki ezisebenzayo ngakumbi, ii-coatings, kunye nezinto ezincamathelayo zinokukhokelela kubomi obude besibane; kanti, imixube esebenza kancinci ingafuna utshintsho lwesibane rhoqo.
Iinkqubo ze-UV-LED zihlala ixesha elide kunezibane eziqhelekileyo, kodwa ubomi be-UV-LED abuyonyani. Njengakwizibane eziqhelekileyo, ii-UV LEDs zinemida kwindlela ezinokuthi ziqhutywe ngayo kwaye ngokubanzi kufuneka zisebenze kunye namaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-120 °C. Ii-LED eziqhuba ngaphezulu kunye nee-LED ezingaphantsi kokupholisa ziya kubeka ubomi esichengeni, okukhokelela ekuthotyweni okukhawulezayo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwentlekele. Ayingabo bonke ababoneleli benkqubo ye-UV-LED ngoku ababonelela ngoyilo oluhlangabezana nobomi obusekiweyo obungaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-20,000. Iinkqubo eziphuculweyo kunye nezigcinwe ziya kuhlala ngaphaya kweeyure ze-20,000, kwaye iinkqubo ezingaphantsi ziya kusilela kwiifestile ezimfutshane kakhulu. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uyilo lwenkqubo ye-LED luyaqhubeka nokuphucula kwaye luhlala ixesha elide ngokuphindaphindwa koyilo ngalunye.
Ozon
Xa amaza amaza e-UVC amafutshane echaphazela iimolekyuli zeoksijini (O2), zibangela ukuba iiathom zeoksijini (O2) zihlukane zibe ziathom ezimbini zeoksijini (O). Iiathom zeoksijini zasimahla (O) emva koko zingqubana nezinye iimolekyuli zeoksijini (O2) kwaye zenze i-ozone (O3). Ekubeni i-trioxygen (O3) ingazinzile ngaphantsi kwinqanaba le-dioxygen (O2), i-ozone ibuyela ngokukhawuleza kwi-molecule ye-oksijini (O2) kunye ne-athomu ye-oxygen (O) njengoko ihamba emoyeni we-atmospheric. Iiathom ze-oksijini zamahhala (O) emva koko zidibanisa enye kwenye ngaphakathi kwenkqubo yokukhupha ukuvelisa iimolekyuli ze-oksijini (O2).
Kwimizi-mveliso ye-UV-curing applications, i-ozone (O3) iveliswa xa i-oksijini ye-atmospheric idibana ne-ultraviolet wavelengths ngaphantsi kwe-240 nm. Imithombo yeBroadband mercury yokunyanga umphunga ikhupha i-UVC phakathi kwe-200 kunye ne-280 nm, ewela indawo yommandla ovelisa i-ozone, kunye nezibane ze-excimer zikhupha i-UV e-172 nm okanye i-UVC kwi-222 nm. I-ozone eyenziwe yi-mercury vapor kunye nezibane zokunyanga i-excimer ayizinzile kwaye ayiyona inkxalabo ebalulekileyo yokusingqongileyo, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba isuswe kwindawo ekufutshane ejikeleze abasebenzi njengoko iyinto ephazamisayo yokuphefumula kunye netyhefu kumanqanaba aphezulu. Ekubeni iinkqubo zokunyanga ze-UV-LED zorhwebo zikhupha imveliso ye-UVA phakathi kwe-365 kunye ne-405 nm, i-ozone ayiveliswanga.
I-ozone inevumba elifana nevumba lentsimbi, ucingo oluvuthayo, iklorini, kunye nentlantsi yombane. Iimvakalelo zokuvumba zomntu ziyakwazi ukubona i-ozone iphantsi njenge-0.01 ukuya kwi-0.03 iinxalenye ngesigidi (ppm). Nangona iyahluka ngomntu kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi, ukugxininiswa okukhulu kune-0.4 ppm kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi yokuphefumla kunye neentloko. Ukungenisa umoya okufanelekileyo kufuneka kufakwe kwiintambo zokunyanga ze-UV ukuze kuthintelwe ukuchaneka kwabasebenzi kwi-ozone.
Iinkqubo zokunyanga i-UV ngokuqhelekileyo ziyilelwe ukuba ziqulathe umoya wokukhupha njengoko zishiya iintloko zezibane ukuze zikhutshelwe kude nabaqhubi nangaphandle kwesakhiwo apho ngokwemvelo ibola khona kubukho be-oksijini kunye nokukhanya kwelanga. Kungenjalo, izibane ezingenazo i-ozone zibandakanya isongezelelo se-quartz esithintela i-ozone-generating wavelengths, kunye nezibonelelo ezifuna ukuphepha ukutsala okanye ukusika imingxuma eluphahleni zihlala zisebenzisa izihluzi ekuphumeni kweefeni eziphumayo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-19-2024
