I-Asiya ibamba isambuku semakethi yokugquma elwandle ngenxa yokuxinana kweshishini lokwakha iinqanawa eJapan, eMzantsi Korea nase China.
Imakethi yokwaleka elwandle kumazwe aseAsia ilawulwa ziinqanawa zokwakha iinqanawa ezifana neJapan, uMzantsi Korea, iSingapore kunye neTshayina. Ngexesha le-15 leminyaka yokugqibela, ukukhula kwishishini lokwakha iinqanawa eIndiya, eVietnam nasePhilippines kubonelele ngamathuba abalulekileyo kubavelisi beengubo zaselwandle. I-Coatings World ibonelela ngamagqabantshintshi emarike yokwaleka elwandle e-Asia kolu phawu.
Isishwankathelo seMarine yoKutyabeka kweMarine kwiNgingqi yaseAsia
Kuqikelelwa kwi-USD $3,100 yezigidi ekupheleni kuka-2023, imakethi yokugquma elwandle iye yavela njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yepeyinti kunye neshishini lokugquma kule minyaka ilishumi inesiqingatha idlulileyo.
I-Asiya ibala ubuninzi bemarike yokugquma elwandle ngenxa yokuxinana kweshishini lokwakha iinqanawa eJapan, eMzantsi Korea.
kunye neTshayina. Iinqanawa ezintsha zithatha i-40-45% yeengubo zolwandle zizonke. Ukulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa kwee-akhawunti malunga ne-50-52% yemalike yempahla yokuthengisa yolwandle iyonke, ngelixa izikhephe zokuzonwabisa / iiyacht zenza i-3-4% yemarike.
Njengoko kukhankanyiwe kumhlathi odlulileyo, i-Asiya yeyona nto iphambili kushishino lokugquma elwandle. Ibalelwa kuninzi lwesabelo semakethi, ummandla umisele izindlu zamandla okwakha iinqanawa kunye nenani labaceli-mngeni abatsha.
Ummandla weMpuma Ekude - kuquka iChina, iSouth Korea, iJapan kunye neSingapore - yintsimi yamandla kumashishini eengubo zolwandle. La mazwe anamashishini okwakha iinqanawa ezomeleleyo kunye norhwebo olubalulekileyo lwaselwandle, luqhuba imfuno enkulu yokwaleka elwandle. Imfuno yokugquma elwandle kula mazwe ilindeleke ukuba ibhalise izinga lokukhula elizinzileyo kwixesha elifutshane neliphakathi.
Kwiinyanga ezilishumi elinesibini zokugqibela (ngoJulayi 2023-Juni 2024), ukuthengiswa kweengubo zeenqanawa ezintsha kunyuke kakhulu, ngenxa yokubuyisela kwimfuno evela eChina naseSouth Korea. Ukuthengiswa kweempahla zokulungisa iinqanawa kukhule kakhulu, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokwanda kweemfuno zeenqanawa zokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweCO2, ukuthobela imimiselo yamafutha aselwandle.
Ukongamela kwe-Asia ekwakhiweni kweenqanawa kunye nesiphumo sokwaleka elwandle kuthathe amashumi eminyaka ukufezekiswa. IJapan yaba ngumkhosi wokwakha iinqanawa kwihlabathi ngeminyaka yoo-1960, uMzantsi Korea ngeminyaka yoo-1980 kunye neTshayina ngeminyaka yoo-1990.
Ngoku iiyadi ezisuka eJapan, eMzantsi Korea nase China ngabona badlali bakhulu kwicandelo ngalinye leemarike ezinkulu ezine: iitanki, abathwali abaninzi, iinqanawa zeenqanawa kunye neenqanawa zaselunxwemeni ezifana neqonga lemveliso edadayo kunye neendawo zokugcina kunye neenqanawa zokubuyisela kwakhona i-LNG.
Ngokwemveli, iJapan kunye neSouth Korea zibonelele ngetekhnoloji ephezulu kunye nokuthembeka xa kuthelekiswa neTshayina. Nangona kunjalo, kulandela utyalo-mali olubalulekileyo kushishino lolwakhiwo lweenqanawa, i-China ngoku ivelisa iinqanawa ezingcono kumacandelo antsokothileyo afana neenqanawa ezinkulu ze-12,000-14,000 20-foot equivalent units (TEU).
AbaVelisi abaKhokelayo beCoating Marine
Imakethi yokugquma iMarine idityanisiwe kakhulu, inabadlali abaphambili abanje ngeChugoku Marine Paints, Jotun, AkzoNobel, PPG, Hempel, KCC, Kansai, Nippon Paint, kunye neSherwin-Williams ezibalelwa ngaphezulu kwe-90% yesabelo semarike sisonke.
Ngokuthengiswa ngokupheleleyo kwe-11,853 yezigidi ze-NOK (i-1.13 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) kwi-2023 ukusuka kwishishini layo laselwandle, i-Jotun iphakathi komvelisi omkhulu wehlabathi jikelele weengubo zaselwandle. Phantse i-48% yeempahla zaselwandle zenkampani zathengiswa kumazwe amathathu amakhulu e-Asiya - iJapan, uMzantsi Korea kunye neTshayina - ngo-2023.
Ngokuthengiswa kwehlabathi jikelele kwe-€ 1,482 yezigidi zeentengiso ezivela kwishishini layo lokugquma elwandle ngo-2023, i-AkzoNobel yenye yeemveliso ezinkulu zokugquma elwandle kunye nababoneleli.
Abaphathi be-AkzoNobel baphawule kwingxelo yabo yonyaka ka-2023, "Ukuphinda kuqhutyelwe phambili kweshishini lethu lokugquma elwandle kwakuphawuleka emva kwesiphakamiso sophawu oluqinileyo, ubuchwephesha bobugcisa kunye nokugxila ekuzinzeni. Okwangoku, siphinde samisela ubukho bethu kwimarike yaselwandle eyakhiwe entsha e-Asiya, sigxile kwiinkqubo zeenqanawa zobugcisa, zibonelela ngenqanaba eliphezulu leenqanawa ezahlukeneyo. isisombululo sokukhutshwa kobulwelwe be-biocide-free esibonelela ngamafutha kunye nokonga okukhutshwayo kubanini nabaqhubi kwaye kunceda ukuxhasa amabhongo eshishini lokuphelisa ikhabhoni. ”
I-Chugkou Paints ibike intengiso epheleleyo ye-101,323 yezigidi ye-yen (i-710 yezigidi zeedola) kwiimveliso zayo zokugquma elwandle.
Imfuno entsha yokuqhuba amazwe
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ilawulwa yiJapan, uMzantsi Korea, kunye neTshayina, imakethi yase-Asiya yokugquma elwandle ibingqina imfuno ethe gqolo evela kumazwe amaninzi akuMzantsi Mpuma Asia naseIndiya. Amanye ala mazwe kulindeleke ukuba avele njengamaziko amakhulu okwakha kunye nokulungisa iinqanawa kwixesha eliphakathi nelide.
IVietnam, iMalaysia, iiPhilippines, iIndonesia, kunye neIndiya ngokukodwa kulindeleke ukuba idlale indima ephambili ekukhuleni koshishino lokwaleka elwandle kwiminyaka ezayo.
Umzekelo, ishishini laselwandle laseVietnam libhengezwe njengecandelo eliphambili ngurhulumente waseVietnam kwaye lisendleleni yokuba lelinye lawona mazwe makhulu okwakha iinqanawa kunye nokulungiswa kweenqanawa eAsia. Imfuno yokugquma elwandle kuzo zombini iinqanawa zasekhaya nezangaphandle ezomileyo eVietnam kuqikelelwa ukuba iza kukhula kakhulu kule minyaka imbalwa izayo.
"Siye sandisa indawo yethu eVietnam ukuze iquke iingubo zaselwandle," utshilo u-Ee Soon Hean, umlawuli jikelele, i-Nippon Paint Vietnam, eyaseka isiseko sokuvelisa eVietnam ngo-2023. "Ukukhula okuqhubekayo kwicandelo lezolwandle kubangela ukwanda kwazo zonke iinqanawa ezinkulu zokwakha kunye nokulungisa iindawo zelizwe. Kukho iiyadi ezinkulu ezintandathu emantla kunye neendawo ezimbini zophando ezibonisa ukuba i-Vietnam iphakathi kunye neendawo ezimbini ezisemantla. Iinqanawa ezingama-4,000 eziya kufuna izinto zokwaleka, kubandakanywa izakhiwo ezintsha kunye neetoni ezikhoyo. "
Imiba yoLawulo kunye nokusiNgqongileyo Ukonyusa iMbango yoKutyabeka eLwandle
Imiba yolawulo kunye nokusingqongileyo kulindeleke ukuba iqhube imfuno kunye neprimiyamu yoshishino lokwaleka elwandle kwiminyaka ezayo.
Ngokutsho koMbutho waMazwe ngaMazwe waseLwandle (i-IMO), ushishino lwezothutho lwaselwandle okwangoku lunoxanduva lwe-3% yokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni yehlabathi. Ukuchasana noku, eli shishini ngoku lityhalwa ngoorhulumente, abalawuli bamazwe ngamazwe, kunye noluntu ngokubanzi ukuba lucoce isenzo salo.
I-IMO yazise umthetho onciphisa ukukhutshwa emoyeni naselwandle. Ukususela ngoJanuwari 2023, zonke iinqanawa ezingaphezulu kwe-5,000 yeetoni ezipheleleyo zilinganiswe ngokwe-IMO's Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), esebenzisa iindlela ezisemgangathweni ukubala ukukhutshwa kweenqanawa.
Iingubo ze-Hull ziye zavela njengendawo ephambili ekugxilwe kuyo kwiinkampani zokuthutha kunye nabavelisi beenqanawa ekunciphiseni iindleko zamafutha kunye nokukhutshwa. I-hull ecocekileyo inciphisa ukuxhathisa, iphelisa ilahleko yesantya kwaye ngaloo ndlela igcina amafutha kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa. Iindleko zamafutha zidla ngokumela phakathi kwama-50 nama-60 ekhulwini eendleko zokusebenza. IProjekthi ye-IMO ye-GloFouling yanikela ingxelo ngo-2022 yokuba abanini banokonga imali efikelela kwi-USD 6.5 yezigidi ngenqanawa kumaxabiso epetroli kwisithuba seminyaka emihlanu ngokwamkela ukucocwa kwe-hull kunye ne-propeller.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-13-2024
