Uqoqosho lwehlabathi lufumana olona tshintsho lungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kwinkumbulo yamva nje.
Imibutho emele amashishini e-inki oshicilelo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zaseYurophu inike iinkcukacha ngemeko engqongqo nengumceli mngeni yemicimbi yokubonelela elijongene nayo eli candelo njengoko lisiya ngo-2022.
IUmbutho we-Ink woShicilelo waseYurophu (EuPIA)iqaqambise inyani yokuba ubhubhani we-coronavirus udale iimeko ezidityanisiweyo ezifana nezinto eziyimfuneko kwisaqhwithi esigqibeleleyo. Ukudityaniswa kwemiba eyahlukeneyo ngoku kubonwa njengefuthe elibi kulo lonke ikhonkco lobonelelo.
Uninzi lweengcali zezoqoqosho kunye neengcaphephe zekhonkco lonikezelo zinombono wokuba uqoqosho lwehlabathi lufumana olona tshintsho lungazange lubonwe ngaphambili kwinkumbulo yamva nje. Imfuno yeemveliso iyaqhubeka ukodlula unikezelo kwaye, ngenxa yoko, imathiriyeli ekrwada yehlabathi kunye nokufumaneka kwempahla kuye kwachaphazeleka kakhulu.
Le meko, iqhutywa ngubhubhani wehlabathi oqhubeka ubangela ukuvalwa kwemveliso kumazwe amaninzi, yongezwa kuqala sisiseko sabathengi esihlala ekhaya esithenga izinto ezininzi kunesiqhelo nangaphandle kwamaxesha onyaka aphezulu. Okwesibini, ukuvuselelwa koqoqosho lwehlabathi ngokubanzi ngaxeshanye kwihlabathi jikelele kubangele ukwanda kwemfuno.
Iingxaki zobonelelo oluqhwalelayo oluvela ngokuthe ngqo kwiimfuno zokwahlulwa kobhubhani kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi kunye nokunqongophala kwabaqhubi nako kudale ubunzima, ngelixa e-China, kuncitshiswe iziphumo ngenxa yeNkqubo yokuNcitshiswa kwamandla aseTshayina, kunye nokunqongophala kwezinto eziphambili ezikrwada kuye kwadibanisa iintloko zeshishini nangakumbi.
Iinkxalabo ezingundoqo
Ukushicilela i-inki kunye nabavelisi bezogquma, ukunqongophala kwezinto zokuhamba kunye nezixhobo ezikrwada kubangela imingeni eyahlukahlukeneyo, njengoko kuchaziwe ngezantsi:
• _x0007_Ubonelelo kunye nemfuno yokungalingani kwezinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezisetyenziswa ekuveliseni i-inki zokuprinta-umz. i-oyile yemifuno kunye nezinto eziphuma kuzo, ii-petrochemicals, ii-pigments kunye ne-TiO2-zibangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwiinkampani ezingamalungu e-EuPIA. Iimathiriyeli kuzo zonke ezi ndidi, ukuya kwinqanaba elahlukileyo, zibona imfuno eyongeziweyo ngelixa unikezelo luqhubeka luthintelwa. Ukuguquguquka kwemfuno kwezo ndawo zishiyekileyo kukhokelele ekwandeni kobunzima kubuchule babathengisi bokuqikelela nokucwangcisa ukuthunyelwa kwempahla.
• _x0007_Pigments, kuqukwa i-TiO2, isanda kutshanje ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno kunye nokuvalwa kwefektri e-China okubangelwa yiNkqubo yokuNcitshiswa kwamandla aseTshayina. I-TiO2 ifumene imfuno eyongeziweyo yemveliso yepeyinti yoyilo (njengoko icandelo le-DIY yehlabathi lifumene utyando olukhulu olusekwe kubathengi abahlala ekhaya) kunye nemveliso ye-injini yomoya.
• _x0007_Unikezelo lwe-oyile yemifuno ephilayo ichatshazelwe ziimeko zemozulu ezingentle e-USA naseLatin America. Ngelishwa, oku kuhambelana nokungeniswa kweTshayina kunye nokusetyenziswa kolu didi lwempahla ekrwada kuye kwanda.
• _x0007_Petrochemicals—UV-curable, polyurethane and acrylic resins and solvents-ziye zinyuka ixabiso ukususela ekuqaleni kuka-2020 ezinye zezi zixhobo zinemfuno yokonyuka okungaphezulu kwamanqanaba alindelekileyo. Ngaphaya koko, ishishini libone inkitha yeziganeko ezinkulu eziye zacinezela ngakumbi ukubonelela kwaye zayandisa imeko esele ingazinzanga.
Njengoko iindleko ziqhubeka zikhula kwaye unikezelo luqhubeka luqina, i-inki yokuprinta kunye nabavelisi be-coating bonke bachatshazelwa kakhulu lukhuphiswano olunzima lwezinto kunye nezixhobo.
Imiceli mngeni ejongene neshishini ayipheleli nje ekuboneleleni ngeekhemikhali nakwipetrochemical. Eminye imilinganiselo yoshishino efana nokupakishwa, uthutho kunye nezothutho, nazo zijongene nobunzima.
• _x0007_Ishishini liyaqhuba lijongene nokunqongophala kwentsimbi yamagubu kunye ne-HDPE feedstocks ezisetyenziselwa iipeyile neejagi. Ukonyuka kwemfuno kurhwebo lwe-intanethi kuqhuba unikezelo oluqinileyo lweebhokisi zentsimbi kunye nokufakwa. Ukwabiwa kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukulibaziseka kwemveliso, ukutya kwemfuyo, amandla amakhulu kunye nokunqongophala kwabasebenzi zonke zinegalelo ekwandeni kokupakishwa. Amanqanaba angaqhelekanga emfuno ayaqhubeka ukodlula ubonelelo.
• _x0007_Ubhubhane uvelise umsebenzi wokuthenga wabathengi ongaqhelekanga (zombini ngexesha nasemva kokuvalwa), ubangela imfuno engaqhelekanga kumashishini amaninzi kunye nokutsala amandla okuthuthwa emoyeni naselwandle. Iindleko ze-Jet fuel ziye zanda kunye neendleko ze-container zokuthumela (kwezinye iindlela ukusuka e-Asia-Pacific ukuya eYurophu kunye / okanye e-USA, iindleko ze-container zinyuke nge-8-10x eqhelekileyo). Iishedyuli ezingaqhelekanga zothutho elwandle ziye zavela, kwaye abathwali bempahla baxinzelelwe okanye bacelwa umngeni wokufumana amazibuko ukuze bakhuphe imigqomo. Ukudityaniswa kwemfuno eyongeziweyo kunye neenkonzo zolungiselelo ezingalungiselelwanga kukhokelele ekunqongophaleni okukhulu komthamo womthwalo.
• _x0007_Ngenxa yeemeko zobhubhani, amanyathelo angqongqo ezempilo nokhuseleko akhona kumazibuko ehlabathi, nto leyo echaphazela umthamo wamazibuko kunye nokuphuma kwawo. Uninzi lweenqanawa zothutho elwandle ziphosakele ngamaxesha azo acwangcisiweyo okufika, kunye neenqanawa ezingafiki ngexesha lokulibaziseka namava njengoko zilinde iindawo zokubeka amatsha ukuba zivuleke. Oku kube negalelo ekunyukeni kweendleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa ukusukela ekwindla ka-2020.
• _x0007_Kukho ukunqongophala okukhulu kwabaqhubi belori kwimimandla emininzi kodwa oku kuye kwaziwa kakhulu kwiYurophu iphela. Nangona oku kunqongophala kungeyonto intsha kwaye ibisoloko ixhalabisa ubuncinci iminyaka eli-15, iye yandiswa ngenxa yobhubhane wehlabathi.
Ngeli xesha, olunye lonxibelelwano lwakutsha nje oluvela kwiBritish Coatings Federation lubonise ukuba ekuqaleni kokwindla ka-2021, bekukho ukunyuka okutsha kwamaxabiso ezinto ezikrwada ezichaphazela ipeyinti kunye necandelo le-inki yokuprinta e-UK, okuthetha ukuba abavelisi ngoku bavezwe ngakumbi nangakumbi. uxinzelelo lweendleko. Ekubeni izinto eziluhlaza zibalelwa malunga ne-50% yazo zonke iindleko kwishishini, kunye nezinye iindleko ezifana namandla zinyuka ngokukhawuleza, impembelelo kwicandelo ayinakugqithiswa.
Amaxabiso eoyile ngoku aphindaphindwe ngaphezulu kokuphindwe kabini kwezi nyanga zili-12 zidlulileyo kwaye anyuke nge-250% kwindawo ephantsi yobhubhane ngoMatshi ka-2020, ngaphezulu kokuthelekisa ukonyuka okukhulu okubonwe ngexesha lentlekele yexabiso leoli ekhokelwa yi-OPEC ka-1973/4 nangaphezulu. kutsha nje amaxabiso abukhali anyuka ngokwengxelo ngo-2007 nango-2008 njengoko uqoqosho lwehlabathi lusiya kudodobala. Kwi-US $ 83 / umgqomo, amaxabiso eoli ekuqaleni kukaNovemba ayenyuka ukusuka kumyinge we-US $ 42 ngoSeptemba kunyaka odlulileyo.
Impembelelo kuShishino lwe-Inki
Impembelelo yokupeyinta kunye nokushicilela abavelisi be-inki ngokucacileyo inzima kakhulu ngamaxabiso e-solvent ngoku ngama-82% aphezulu kumyinge kunonyaka odlulileyo, kunye neerasi kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumene nokubona ukunyuka kwexabiso ngama-36%.
Amaxabiso ezinyibilikisi ezininzi eziphambili ezisetyenziswa lushishino ziye zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda zaphinda kabini, imizekelo ephawulekayo ibe yi-n-butanol ukusuka kwi-£750 ngetoni ukuya kwi-£2,560 ngonyaka. I-n-butyl acetate, i-methoxypropanol kunye ne-methoxypropyl acetate nazo zibone amaxabiso aphindwe kabini okanye aphindwe kabini.
Amaxabiso aphezulu aphinde abonwa kwiiresin kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo, umzekelo, ixabiso eliphakathi lesisombululo se-epoxy resin linyuke nge-124% ngoSeptemba 2021 xa kuthelekiswa noSeptemba 2020.
Kwenye indawo, amaxabiso e-pigment amaninzi ayephezulu kakhulu ngamaxabiso e-TiO2 nge-9% ephezulu kunonyaka odlulileyo. Ekupakishweni, amaxabiso ebephezulu kuyo yonke ibhodi, ngokomzekelo, iitoti ezingqukuva iilitha ezintlanu zinyuke nge-10% kwaye amaxabiso emigqomo abe ngama-40% aphezulu ngo-Okthobha.
Uqikelelo oluthembekileyo kunzima ukufika kodwa uninzi lwemibutho yokuqikelela ilindele ukuba amaxabiso eoli ashiyeke ngaphezulu kwe-US $ 70 / umphanda ngo-2022, imiqondiso yokuba iindleko eziphezulu zilapha ukuhlala.
Amaxabiso e-oyile ukuya kuModareyitha kwi-'22
Ngeli xesha, ngokoLawulo lweNgcaciso yezaMandla esekwe e-US (EIA), iNgcaciso yeXesha eliFutshane laMandla icebisa ukuba ukunyuka kwemveliso ye-oyile ekrwada kunye neemveliso zepetroleum ezivela kumazwe e-OPEC+ kunye ne-USA kuya kukhokelela kuluhlu lwezinto ezibaswayo zolwelo olukhulayo kunye ne-oyile ekrwada. amaxabiso ehla ngo-2022.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-oyile ekrwada kwihlabathi jikelele kugqithise imveliso ye-oyile ekrwada kwiikota ezintlanu ezilandelelanayo, ukuqala kwikota yesithathu ka-2020. Ngeli xesha, uluhlu lwempahla yepetroleum kumazwe e-OECD lwehle nge-424 yezigidi zemiphanda, okanye i-13%. Bekulindeleke ukuba imfuno ye-oyile ekrwada yehlabathi igqithise unikezelo lwehlabathi liphela ukuphela konyaka, ibe negalelo kuluhlu olongezelelekileyo lwe-oyile ekrwada, kwaye igcine ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada ye-Brent ngaphezulu kwe-US$80/umphanda ukuya kuDisemba ka-2021.
Uqikelelo lwengqikelelo ye-EIA yeyokuba uluhlu lwe-oyile yehlabathi luza kuqalisa ukwakha ngo-2022, luqhutywa kukunyuka kwemveliso evela kumazwe e-OPEC+ kunye ne-USA kodwa ngokukhula okucothayo kwimfuno yeoli yehlabathi.
Olu tshintsho lunokubeka uxinzelelo olusezantsi kwixabiso le-Brent, eliya kuba yi-US $ 72 / umphanda ngo-2022.
Amaxabiso e-Spot e-Brent, ibhentshi ye-oyile ekrwada yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye ne-West Texas Intermediate (WTI), ibhentshi ye-oyile ekrwada yase-US, anyukile ukusukela oko ehla ngo-Epreli ka-2020 kwaye ngoku angaphezulu kwamanqanaba obhubhane.
Ngo-Okthobha ka-2021, ixabiso le-oyile ekrwada ye-Brent lalikwi-avareji ye-US$84/mphanda, kwaye ixabiso le-WTI lalikwi-avareji ye-US$81/mphanda, wona angawona maxabiso aphakamileyo ukusukela ngo-Okthobha ka-2014. I-EIA iqikelela ukuba ixabiso le-Brent liyakwehla ukusuka kumndilili. ye-US $ 84 / umgqomo ngo-Oktobha 2021 ukuya kwi-US $ 66 / umgqomo ngoDisemba 2022 kwaye ixabiso le-WTI liya kuwa ukusuka kumyinge we-US $ 81 / umgqomo ukuya kwi-US $ 62 / umphanda ngexesha elifanayo.
Uluhlu lwe-oyile ekrwada ephantsi, kwihlabathi jikelele nase-USA, lubeke uxinzelelo lwexabiso eliphezulu kwiikhontrakthi ze-oyile ekrwada esele isondele, ngelixa amaxabiso ekontraka ye-oyile ekrwada ekudala idala esezantsi, ebonisa ulindelo lwemarike elungeleleneyo ngakumbi ngo-2022.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-31-2022
