Kwiminyaka emininzi edlulileyo bekukukunciphisa inani lezinyibilikisi ezikhutshwa emoyeni. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-VOCs (ii-volatile organic compounds) kwaye, ngokufanelekileyo, ziquka zonke izinyibilikisi esizisebenzisayo ngaphandle kwe-acetone, ene-reactivity ephantsi kakhulu ye-photochemical kwaye ikhutshelwe ngaphandle njenge-VOC solvent.
Kodwa kuthekani ukuba besinokuphelisa ngokupheleleyo izinyibilikisi size sifumane iziphumo ezilungileyo zokukhusela nezokuhlobisa ngomzamo omncinci?
Oko kungaba kuhle kakhulu — kwaye singakwazi. Itekhnoloji eyenza oku kwenzeke ibizwa ngokuba yi-UV curing. Ibisetyenziswa ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1970 kuzo zonke iintlobo zezinto eziquka isinyithi, iplastiki, iglasi, iphepha, kwaye ngakumbi, ngomthi.
Iingubo ezicinywe yi-UV ziyaphilisa xa zibekwe kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kuluhlu lwe-nanometer kwicala eliphantsi okanye ngaphantsi kokukhanya okubonakalayo. Iingenelo zazo ziquka ukunciphisa okukhulu okanye ukuphelisa ngokupheleleyo ii-VOC, inkunkuma encinci, indawo encinci yomgangatho efunekayo, ukuphathwa ngokukhawuleza kunye nokufakwa kwempahla (ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokomisa iirakhi), iindleko ezincitshisiweyo zabasebenzi kunye namazinga emveliso akhawulezayo.
Izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo ezingalunganga ziindleko eziphezulu zokuqala zezixhobo kunye nobunzima bokugqiba izinto ezintsonkothileyo ze-3-D. Ngoko ke ukungena kwi-UV curing kudla ngokukhawulelwa kwiivenkile ezinkulu ezenza izinto ezithe tyaba ezifana neengcango, iiphaneli, umgangatho, i-trim kunye neendawo ezilungele ukuhlanganiswa.
Eyona ndlela ilula yokuqonda ukugqitywa kwe-UV-cured kukuthelekisa nokugqitywa okuqhelekileyo okucatalyzed oqhelene nako. Njengakwi-catalyzed finishes, ukugqitywa kwe-UV-cured kuqulethe i-resin yokufezekisa ukwakheka, isinyibilikisi okanye indawo yokunciphisa, isikhuthazi sokuqala ukudibanisa kunye nokwenza ukuba kukhanye kunye nezinye izongezo ezifana nee-flatting agents ukubonelela ngeempawu ezikhethekileyo.
Kusetyenziswa inani lee-resin eziphambili, kuquka izinto eziphuma kwi-epoxy, i-urethane, i-acrylic kunye ne-polyester.
Kuzo zonke iimeko ezi resin ziyanyangeka kakhulu kwaye azikwazi ukunyibilika nokukrweleka, njenge varnish evuselelweyo (eguqulayo). Oku kwenza ukulungiswa okungabonakaliyo kube nzima ukuba ifilimu evuselelweyo yonakale.
Ukugqitywa okucinywe yi-UV kunokuba zizinto eziqinileyo eziyi-100% kwimo yolwelo. Oko kukuthi, ubukhulu bento ebekwe phezu komthi bufana nobukhulu bengubo ecinyiweyo. Akukho nto inokutsha. Kodwa i-resin ephambili ityebile kakhulu ukuba ingasetyenziswa lula. Ngoko ke abavelisi bongeza iimolekyuli ezincinci ezisabelayo ukunciphisa i-viscosity. Ngokungafaniyo nezinyibilikisi, ezitsha, ezi molekyuli zongeziweyo zidibana neemolekyuli ezinkulu ze-resin ukuze zenze ifilimu.
Izinyibilikisi okanye amanzi anokongezwa njengezinyibilikisi xa kufuneka ukwakheka kwefilimu encinci, umzekelo, kwi-sealer coat. Kodwa azisoloko zifuneka ukuze kugqitywe ukutshizwa. Xa kongezwa izinyibilikisi okanye amanzi, kufuneka zivunyelwe, okanye zenziwe (kwi-oven), ukuba ziphele ngaphambi kokuba kuqale ukucinywa kwe-UV.
Isikhuthazi
Ngokungafaniyo ne-catalyzed varnish, eqala ukubola xa i-catalyst yongezwa, i-catalyst ekwi-UV-cured finish, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"photoinitiator," ayenzi nto ide ivezwe kumandla okukhanya kwe-UV. Emva koko iqala i-quick chain reaction edibanisa zonke iimolekyuli ezikwi-coating ukuze zenze ifilimu.
Le nkqubo yiyo eyenza ukugqitywa okucinywe yi-UV kube kokwahlukileyo. Akukho xesha lihlala eshelufini okanye embizeni. Ihlala ikwimo engamanzi ide ivezwe kukukhanya kwe-UV. Emva koko iphiliswa ngokupheleleyo kwimizuzwana embalwa. Khumbula ukuba ukukhanya kwelanga kunokubangela ukucima, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuphepha olu hlobo lokuvezwa.
Kunokuba lula ukucinga nge-catalyst yeengubo ze-UV njengezinto ezimbini kunokuba ibe nye. Kukho i-photoinitiator esele ikwisiphelo - malunga ne-5% yolwelo - kwaye kukho amandla okukhanya kwe-UV okuyibangelayo. Ngaphandle kwazo zombini, akukho nto yenzekayo.
Olu phawu lukhethekileyo lwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubuyisela i-overspray ngaphandle kobubanzi bokukhanya kwe-UV kwaye usebenzise isiphelo kwakhona. Ngoko ke inkunkuma inokususwa phantse ngokupheleleyo.
Isibane se-UV sendabuko sisibane se-mercury-vapor kunye ne-elliptical reflector yokuqokelela nokuqondisa isibane kwindawo leyo. Ingcinga kukujolisa isibane ukuze kubekho isiphumo esiphezulu ekuqaliseni i-photoinitiator.
Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo okanye ngaphezulu ii-LED (ii-light-emitting diodes) ziqalile ukutshintsha iibhalbhu zemveli kuba ii-LED zisebenzisa umbane omncinci, zihlala ixesha elide, azinyanzelekanga ukuba zifudumale kwaye zinomlinganiselo omncinci wamaza ukuze zingadali ubushushu obufanayo obubangela ingxaki. Olu bushushu bunokwenza ii-resin zibe manzi emthini, njengakwipayini, kwaye ubushushu kufuneka buphele.
Inkqubo yokunyanga iyafana, nangona kunjalo. Yonke into "ibonakala ngomgca." Isiphelo siyaphilisa kuphela ukuba ukukhanya kwe-UV kuyasibetha ukusuka kumgama omiselweyo. Iindawo ezisemthunzini okanye ezingajoliswanga kukukhanya azinyangeki. Lo ngumda obalulekileyo wokunyanga kwe-UV okwangoku.
Ukuze kulungiswe uphahla kuyo nayiphi na into entsonkothileyo, nokuba yinto ephantse ibe tyaba njenge-profiled molding, izibane kufuneka zilungiswe ukuze zibethe yonke indawo kumgama ofanayo ukuze zihambelane noyilo lophahla. Yiyo le nto izinto ezithe tyaba zenza uninzi lweeprojekthi ezigqunywe nge-UV-cured finish.
Iindlela ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zokufaka i-UV-coating kunye ne-curing yi-flat line kunye ne-chamber.
Ngomgca othe tyaba, izinto ezithe tyaba okanye eziphantse zibe zithe tyaba zihamba nge-conveyor phantsi kwe-spray okanye i-roller okanye nge-vacuum chamber, emva koko zidlule kwi-oven ukuba kuyimfuneko ukuze kususwe izinyibilikisi okanye amanzi kwaye ekugqibeleni zifakwe phantsi kwezibane ze-UV ukuze kulungiswe. Izinto zinokubekwa ngoko nangoko.
Kwigumbi, izinto zihlala zixhonywa kwaye zihanjiswe nge-conveyor ngamanyathelo afanayo. Igumbi lenza kube nokwenzeka ukugqitywa kwamacala onke ngaxeshanye kunye nokugqitywa kwezinto ezingezizo ezinzima nezinemilinganiselo emithathu.
Enye into enokwenzeka kukusebenzisa irobhothi ukujikelezisa into phambi kwezibane ze-UV okanye ukubamba isibane se-UV uze uhambise into macala onke.
Ababoneleli badlala indima ephambili
Ngeengubo ezicinywe yi-UV kunye nezixhobo, kubaluleke ngakumbi ukusebenza nabathengisi kunangee-catalyzed varnishes. Isizathu esiphambili linani lezinto eziguquguqukayo ekufuneka zilungelelaniswe. Ezi ziquka ubude be-wavelength yeebhalbhu okanye ii-LED kunye nomgama wazo kwizinto, ukwenziwa kwengubo kunye nesantya somgca ukuba usebenzisa umgca wokugqiba.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-23-2023
