1. Kwenzeka ntoni xa i-inki inyibilikisiwe kakhulu?Kukho ingcamango yokuba xa umphezulu we-inki ubekwe kukukhanya okugqithisileyo kwe-ultraviolet, uya kuba nzima ngakumbi nangakumbi. Xa abantu beprinta enye i-inki kule filimu ye-inki eqinileyo baze bayomise okwesibini, ukunamathelana phakathi kweengqimba ze-inki eziphezulu nezisezantsi kuya kuba nzima kakhulu.
Enye ingcamango kukuba ukugqwala kakhulu kuya kubangela ukugqwala kwe-photo kumphezulu we-inki. Ukugqwala kwe-photo kuya kutshabalalisa iibhondi zeekhemikhali kumphezulu wefilimu ye-inki. Ukuba iibhondi ze-molecular kumphezulu wefilimu ye-inki ziyonakalisiwe okanye zonakele, ukunamathelana phakathi kwayo kunye nomnye umaleko we-inki kuya kuncipha. Iifilimu ze-inki ezigqwala kakhulu aziguquguquki kangako, kodwa zikwanokuqhekeka komphezulu.
2. Kutheni ezinye ii-inki ze-UV zinyangeka ngokukhawuleza kunezinye?Ii-inki ze-UV zihlala zenziwe ngokweempawu ze-substrates ezithile kunye neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zezicelo ezithile. Ngokwembono yeekhemikhali, okukhona i-inki iphola ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona i-flexible yayo imbi emva kokuphola. Njengoko unokucinga, xa i-inki iphola, ii-molecule ze-inki ziya kudlula kwiimpendulo zokudibanisa. Ukuba ezi molekyuli zenza inani elikhulu lee-molecular chain ezinamasebe amaninzi, i-inki iya kuphola ngokukhawuleza kodwa ayiyi kuba flexible kakhulu; ukuba ezi molekyuli zenza inani elincinci lee-molecular chain ezingenamasebe, i-inki inokuphola kancinci kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo iya kuba flexible kakhulu. Uninzi lwee-inki ziyilwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zesicelo. Umzekelo, kwii-inki ezenzelwe ukuvelisa ii-membrane switches, ifilimu ye-inki epholisiweyo kufuneka ihambelane nee-adhesives ezihlanganisiweyo kwaye iguquguquke ngokwaneleyo ukuze ivumelane nokucutshungulwa okulandelayo okufana nokusika kunye nokubopha.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba izinto ezisetyenziswa kwi-inki azikwazi ukumelana nomphezulu we-substrate, kungenjalo ziya kubangela ukuqhekeka, ukuqhekeka okanye ukuqhekeka. Ezi inki zihlala ziphila kancinci. Ii-inki ezenzelwe ukuvelisa amakhadi okanye iibhodi zokubonisa zeplastiki eziqinileyo azidingi ukuguquguquka okuphezulu kwaye zoma ngokukhawuleza kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zesicelo. Nokuba i-inki yoma ngokukhawuleza okanye kancinci, kufuneka siqale kwisicelo sokugqibela. Omnye umba ofanele ukuqwalaselwa zizixhobo zokulungisa. Ezinye ii-inki zinokuphila ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ngenxa yokusebenza okuphantsi kwezixhobo zokulungisa, isantya sokulungisa i-inki sinokuncitshiswa okanye singanyangeki ngokupheleleyo.
3. Kutheni ifilimu ye-polycarbonate (PC) ijika ibe tyheli xa ndisebenzisa i-inki ye-UV?I-Polycarbonate inovelwano kwimitha ye-ultraviolet enobude obungaphantsi kwama-nanometers angama-320. Ukutyheli komphezulu wefilimu kubangelwa kukwaphuka kwekhonkco le-molecular okubangelwa yi-photooxidation. Iibhondi ze-molecular zeplastiki zifunxa amandla okukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kwaye zivelise ii-free radicals. Ezi free radicals zisabela kwi-oxygen emoyeni kwaye zitshintshe inkangeleko kunye neempawu zomzimba zeplastiki.
4. Ungakuphepha okanye ukuphelisa njani ukutyheli komphezulu we-polycarbonate?Ukuba i-inki ye-UV isetyenziselwa ukuprinta kwifilimu ye-polycarbonate, ukutyheli komphezulu wayo kunokuncipha, kodwa akunakususwa ngokupheleleyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweebhalbhu eziphilisayo ezinentsimbi eyongezelelweyo okanye i-gallium kunokunciphisa ngempumelelo ukwenzeka kokutyheli. Ezi bhalbhu ziya kunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwemitha ye-ultraviolet emfutshane ukuze kuthintelwe umonakalo kwi-polycarbonate. Ukongeza, ukunyanga kakuhle umbala ngamnye we-inki kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ixesha lokuvezwa kwe-substrate kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet kwaye kunciphise amathuba okutshintsha umbala kwefilimu ye-polycarbonate.
5. Luthini ulwalamano phakathi kweeparamitha zokuseta (ii-watts nge-intshi) kwisibane sokukhanyisa i-UV kunye nokufundwa esikubonayo kwi-radiometer (ii-watts ngesentimitha yesikwere okanye ii-milliwatts ngesentimitha yesikwere)?
I-watts nge-intshi yiyunithi yamandla yesibane esiphilisayo, esithathwe kwi-Ohm's law volts (voltage) x amps (current) = watts (power); ngelixa i-watts ngesentimitha yesikwere okanye i-milliwatts ngesentimitha yesikwere imele ukukhanya okuphezulu (i-UV energy) kwindawo nganye xa i-radiometer idlula phantsi kwesibane esiphilisayo. Ukukhanya okuphezulu kuxhomekeke kakhulu kumandla esibane esiphilisayo. Isizathu sokuba sisebenzisa ii-watts ukulinganisa ukukhanya okuphezulu kukuba imele amandla ombane asetyenziswa sisibane esiphilisayo. Ukongeza kubungakanani bombane obufunyenwe yiyunithi esiphilisayo, ezinye izinto ezichaphazela ukukhanya okuphezulu ziquka imeko kunye nejometri yesibonisi, ubudala besibane esiphilisayo, kunye nomgama phakathi kwesibane esiphilisayo kunye nomphezulu ophilisayo.
6. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwee-millijoule kunye nee-milliwatts?Amandla apheleleyo akhanyiselwe kumphezulu othile kwixesha elithile adla ngokubonakaliswa ngeejoules ngesentimitha nganye esicaba okanye iimilijoules ngesentimitha nganye yesikwere. Ngokuyintloko inxulumene nesantya sebhanti yokuhambisa, amandla, inani, ubudala, imeko yezibane eziphilisayo, kunye nokuma kunye nemeko yezibonisi kwinkqubo yokupholisa. Amandla e-UV energy okanye amandla emitha akhanyiselwe kumphezulu othile abonakaliswa kakhulu kwiiwatts/isentimitha yesikwere okanye iimiliwatts/isentimitha yesikwere. Okukhona amandla e-UV ephezulu ekhanyiselwe kumphezulu wesiseko, kokukhona amandla amaninzi angena kwifilimu ye-inki. Nokuba ziimiliwatts okanye iimilijoules, zinokulinganiswa kuphela xa uvakalelo lwe-wavelength ye-radiometer ihlangabezana neemfuno ezithile.
7. Siqinisekisa njani ukuba i-inki ye-UV iyaphiliswa ngokufanelekileyo?Ukulungiswa kwefilimu ye-inki xa idlula kwiyunithi yokulungisa okokuqala kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukulungiswa ngokufanelekileyo kunokunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwe-substrate, ukupholisa kakhulu, ukumanzisa kwakhona kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina, kwaye kwenze ngcono ukunamathelana phakathi kwe-inki kunye nokuhleka okanye phakathi kweengubo. Izityalo zokuprinta isikrini kufuneka zichonge iiparameter zemveliso ngaphambi kokuba imveliso iqale. Ukuze kuvavanywe ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-inki ye-UV, singaqala ukuprinta ngesantya esiphantsi esivunyelwe yi-substrate kwaye silungise iisampuli eziprintiweyo kwangaphambili. Emva koko, setha amandla esibane sokulungisa kwixabiso elichazwe ngumvelisi we-inki. Xa sijongana nemibala engelula ukuyilungisa, njengomnyama nomhlophe, sinokunyusa ngokufanelekileyo iiparameter zesibane sokulungisa. Emva kokuba iphepha eliprintiweyo lipholile, singasebenzisa indlela yesithunzi esijikelezayo ukufumanisa ukunamathela kwefilimu ye-inki. Ukuba isampuli ingadlula uvavanyo kakuhle, isantya sokuhambisa iphepha sinokunyuswa ngeenyawo ezili-10 ngomzuzu, kwaye emva koko ukuprinta nokuvavanya kungenziwa de ifilimu ye-inki ilahlekelwe kukunamathela kwi-substrate, kwaye isantya sebhanti yokuhambisa kunye neeparameter zesibane sokulungisa ngeli xesha ziyarekhodwa. Emva koko, isantya sebhanti yokuhambisa singancitshiswa ngama-20-30% ngokweempawu zenkqubo ye-inki okanye iingcebiso zomthengisi we-inki.
8. Ukuba imibala ayifani, ngaba kufuneka ndikhathazeke ngokuyilungisa kakhulu?Ukunyibilika kakhulu kwenzeka xa umphezulu wefilimu ye-inki ufunxa ukukhanya okuninzi kwe-UV. Ukuba le ngxaki ayifunyaniswanga kwaye ingasonjululwa ngexesha, umphezulu wefilimu ye-inki uya kuba nzima ngakumbi. Kakade ke, lo gama nje singaprinti imibala ngaphezulu, akufuneki sikhathazeke kakhulu ngale ngxaki. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka siqwalasele enye into ebalulekileyo, ifilimu okanye i-substrate eprintwayo. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kunokuchaphazela uninzi lweendawo ze-substrate kunye nezinye iiplastiki ezibuthathaka kukukhanya kwe-UV kobude obuthile bomphezulu. Olu vakalelo kwii-wavelengths ezithile ezidityaniswe ne-oksijini emoyeni lunokubangela ukonakala komphezulu weplastiki. Iibhondi ze-molecular kumphezulu we-substrate zinokuqhekeka kwaye zibangele ukunamathelana phakathi kwe-inki ye-UV kunye ne-substrate kungaphumeleli. Ukonakala komsebenzi womphezulu we-substrate yinkqubo eyenzeka kancinci kwaye inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo namandla okukhanya kwe-UV ayifumanayo.
9. Ingaba i-inki ye-UV yi-inki eluhlaza? Ngoba?Xa kuthelekiswa nee-inki ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi, ii-inki ze-UV zinobuhlobo ngakumbi nokusingqongileyo. Ii-inki ezinokunyangwa yi-UV zinokuba ziqinile ngokupheleleyo, oko kuthetha ukuba zonke izinto ze-inki ziya kuba yifilimu yokugqibela ye-inki.
Kwelinye icala, ii-inki ezisekelwe kwisinyibilikisi ziya kukhupha izinyibilikisi emoyeni njengoko ifilimu ye-inki yoma. Ekubeni izinyibilikisi ziyimichiza yendalo eguquguqukayo, ziyingozi kwindalo esingqongileyo.
10. Yintoni iyunithi yokulinganisa idatha yoxinano eboniswe kwi-densitometer?Uxinano lwe-optical alunazo iiyunithi. I-densitometer ilinganisa ubungakanani bokukhanya okukhanyisiweyo okanye okudluliselweyo ukusuka kumphezulu oprintiweyo. Iliso le-photoelectric eliqhagamshelwe kwi-densitometer linokuguqula ipesenti yokukhanya okukhanyisiweyo okanye okudluliselweyo kube lixabiso loxinano.
11. Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela uxinano?Kwiprinta yesikrini, izinto ezitshintshatshintshayo ezichaphazela amaxabiso oxinano ikakhulu bubukhulu befilimu ye-inki, umbala, ubungakanani kunye nenani lamasuntswana e-pigment, kunye nombala we-substrate. Uxinano lwe-optical lumiselwa kakhulu kukungabonakali kunye nobukhulu befilimu ye-inki, nto leyo echaphazeleka bubungakanani kunye nenani lamasuntswana e-pigment kunye neempawu zawo zokufunxa kunye nokusasazeka kokukhanya.
12. Yintoni i-dyne level?I-Dyne/cm yiyunithi esetyenziselwa ukulinganisa uxinzelelo lomphezulu. Olu xinzelelo lubangelwa kukutsalwa kwe-intermolecular yolwelo oluthile (uxinzelelo lomphezulu) okanye i-solid (amandla omphezulu). Ngeenjongo ezisebenzayo, sidla ngokubiza le parameter ngokuthi yi-dyne level. Inqanaba le-dyne okanye amandla omphezulu we-substrate ethile imele ukumanzi kwayo kunye nokunamathela kwe-inki. Amandla omphezulu yipropathi ebonakalayo yento. Iifilimu ezininzi kunye ne-substrate ezisetyenziswa ekuprinteni zinamanqanaba aphantsi okuprinta, njenge-31 dyne/cm polyethylene kunye ne-29 dyne/cm polypropylene, kwaye ke ngoko zifuna unyango olukhethekileyo. Unyango olufanelekileyo lunokunyusa inqanaba le-dyne kwezinye ii-substrate, kodwa okwethutyana kuphela. Xa ulungele ukuprinta, kukho ezinye izinto ezichaphazela inqanaba le-dyne le-substrate, ezinje: ixesha kunye nenani lonyango, iimeko zokugcina, ukufuma okungqongileyo kunye namanqanaba othuli. Ekubeni amanqanaba e-dyne anokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha, uninzi lwabaprinta luvakalelwa kukuba kuyimfuneko ukunyanga okanye ukuphinda unyange ezi filimu ngaphambi kokuprinta.
13. Unyango lwelangatye lwenziwa njani?Iiplastiki azinazo iimbobo ngokwemvelo kwaye zinomphezulu ongasebenziyo (amandla omhlaba aphantsi). Unyango lwelangatye yindlela yokulungisa iiplastiki kwangaphambili ukuze kwandiswe amanqanaba e-dyne kumphezulu we-substrate. Ukongeza kwicandelo lokuprinta iibhotile zeplastiki, le ndlela ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini okulungisa iimoto kunye neefilimu. Unyango lwelangatye alunyusi nje kuphela amandla omhlaba, kodwa lukwasusa nongcoliseko lomphezulu. Unyango lwelangatye lubandakanya uthotho lweempendulo ezintsonkothileyo zomzimba nezekhemikhali. Indlela yokusebenza yonyango lwelangatye kukuba ilangatye elishushu kakhulu lidlulisela amandla kwioyile kunye nokungcola kumphezulu we-substrate, okubangela ukuba ziphele phantsi kobushushu kwaye zidlale indima yokucoca; kwaye indlela yalo yekhemikhali kukuba ilangatye liqulathe inani elikhulu lee-ion, ezineempawu ezinamandla zokuxilisa. Phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, lisabela kumphezulu wento ephathwayo ukuze lenze umaleko wamaqela asebenzayo e-polar atshajiweyo kumphezulu wento ephathwayo, okwandisa amandla ayo omphezulu kwaye ngaloo ndlela kwandisa amandla ayo okufunxa ulwelo.
14. Yintoni unyango lwe-corona?Ukukhupha i-corona yenye indlela yokunyusa inqanaba le-dyne. Ngokusebenzisa i-voltage ephezulu kwi-media roller, umoya ojikelezileyo unokufakwa kwi-ion. Xa i-substrate idlula kule ndawo ene-ion, ii-molecular bonds kumphezulu wezinto ziya kuphuka. Le ndlela idla ngokusetyenziswa ekuprinteni okujikelezayo kwezinto ezibhityileyo zefilimu.
15. I-plasticizer iyichaphazela njani i-inki enamathelayo kwi-PVC?I-Plasticizer yikhemikhali eyenza izinto eziprintiweyo zithambe kwaye ziguquguquke ngakumbi. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-PVC (i-polyvinyl chloride). Uhlobo kunye nobungakanani be-plasticizer eyongezwa kwi-PVC eguquguqukayo okanye kwezinye iiplastiki kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwiimfuno zabantu malunga noomatshini, ukuchithwa kobushushu kunye neempawu zombane zezinto eziprintiweyo. Ii-Plasticizers zinamandla okufudukela kumphezulu we-substrate kwaye zichaphazele ukunamathela kwe-inki. Ii-Plasticizers ezihlala kumphezulu we-substrate zingcolisa ezinciphisa amandla omphezulu we-substrate. Okukhona ukungcola okuninzi kumphezulu, kokukhona amandla omphezulu ehla kwaye kuya kufuneka i-inki ingabi nanto yokunamathela. Ukuze uphephe oku, umntu unokucoca ii-substrate ngesinyibilikisi sokucoca esithambileyo ngaphambi kokuprinta ukuphucula ukuprintwa kwazo.
16. Zingaphi izibane endizidingayo ukuze ndizicime?Nangona inkqubo ye-inki kunye nohlobo lwe-substrate zahlukile, ngokubanzi, inkqubo enye yokulungisa isibane yanele. Kakade ke, ukuba unebhajethi eyaneleyo, ungakhetha neyunithi yokulungisa isibane esinezibani ezimbini ukuze wonyuse isantya sokulungisa. Isizathu sokuba izibane ezimbini zokulungisa zingcono kunenye kukuba inkqubo yezibane ezimbini inokubonelela ngamandla amaninzi kwi-substrate ngesantya esifanayo sokuhambisa kunye noseto lweeparameter. Enye yemiba ephambili ekufuneka siyiqwalasele kukuba ingaba iyunithi yokulungisa inokuba yomisa i-inki eprintiweyo ngesantya esiqhelekileyo na.
17. I-viscosity ye-inki iyichaphazela njani indlela yokuprinta?Uninzi lwee-inki zi-thixotropic, nto leyo ethetha ukuba i-viscosity yazo iyatshintsha ngokucheba, ixesha kunye nobushushu. Ukongeza, xa i-shear rate iphezulu, i-viscosity ye-inki iyancipha; xa iqondo lobushushu eliphakathi liphezulu, i-viscosity yonyaka ye-inki iyancipha. Ii-inki zokuprinta isikrini zihlala zifumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kumatshini wokuprinta, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuya kubakho iingxaki zokuprinta ngokuxhomekeke kwizicwangciso ze-printing press kunye nohlengahlengiso lwangaphambi kokucinezela. I-viscosity ye-inki kumatshini wokuprinta nayo yahlukile kwi-viscosity yayo kwi-cartridge ye-inki. Abavelisi be-inki bamisela uluhlu oluthile lwe-viscosity kwiimveliso zabo. Kwii-inki ezincinci kakhulu okanye ezine-viscosity ephantsi kakhulu, abasebenzisi banokongeza izithambisi ngokufanelekileyo; kwii-inki ezinkulu kakhulu okanye ezine-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu, abasebenzisi banokongeza i-diluents. Ukongeza, ungaqhagamshelana nomthengisi we-inki ukuze ufumane ulwazi lwemveliso.
18. Zeziphi izinto ezichaphazela uzinzo okanye ubomi beshelufu bee-inki ze-UV?Into ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukuzinza kwee-inki kukugcinwa kwe-inki. Ii-inki ze-UV zihlala zigcinwa kwiikhatriji ze-inki zeplastiki endaweni yeekhatriji ze-inki zesinyithi kuba izikhongozeli zeplastiki zinomlinganiselo othile wokungena kwe-oksijini, nto leyo enokuqinisekisa ukuba kukho umsantsa othile womoya phakathi komphezulu we-inki kunye nesigqubuthelo sesikhongozeli. Lo msantsa womoya - ingakumbi i-oksijini emoyeni - unceda ukunciphisa ukudityaniswa kwangaphambili kwe-inki. Ukongeza ekupakishweni, ubushushu besikhongozeli se-inki bubalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo lwazo. Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokubangela ukusabela kwangaphambili kunye nokudityaniswa kwee-inki. Ukulungiswa kwendlela yokwenziwa kwe-inki yokuqala kunokuchaphazela ukuzinza kwe-inki kwishelufu. Izongezo, ngakumbi ii-catalysts kunye nee-photoinitiators, zinokunciphisa ubomi beshelufu ye-inki.
19. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokulebhelisha okukwimold (IML) kunye nokuhombisa okukwimold (IMD)?Ukulebhelisha ngaphakathi kwimold kunye nokuhombisa ngaphakathi kwimold kuthetha into efanayo, oko kukuthi, ilebheli okanye ifilimu yokuhombisa (eyenziwe kwangaphambili okanye engeyiyo) ifakwa kwimold kwaye iplastiki enyibilikisiweyo iyixhasa ngelixa inxalenye isenziwa. Iilebheli ezisetyenziswa kwindawo yokuqala zenziwa kusetyenziswa ubuchwepheshe obahlukeneyo bokuprinta, obufana negravure, i-offset, i-flexographic okanye i-screen printing. Ezi lebheli zihlala ziprintwa kuphela kumphezulu wezinto, ngelixa icala elingaprintwanga liqhagamshelwe kwi-injection mold. Ukuhombisa ngaphakathi kwimold kusetyenziswa kakhulu ukuvelisa iindawo ezihlala ixesha elide kwaye kudla ngokuprintwa kumphezulu wesibini wefilimu ecacileyo. Ukuhombisa ngaphakathi kwimold kudla ngokuprintwa kusetyenziswa iprinta yesikrini, kwaye iifilimu kunye nee-inki ze-UV ezisetyenzisiweyo kufuneka zihambelane ne-injection mold.
20. Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iyunithi yokunyanga i-nitrogen isetyenziselwa ukunyanga ii-inki ze-UV ezinemibala?Iinkqubo zokunyanga ezisebenzisa i-nitrogen ukunyanga iimveliso eziprintiweyo bezikho kangangeminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Ezi nkqubo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwinkqubo yokunyanga iilaphu kunye nokutshintsha kwe-membrane. I-nitrogen isetyenziswa endaweni ye-oxygen kuba i-oxygen ithintela ukunyanga kwee-inki. Nangona kunjalo, ekubeni ukukhanya okuvela kwiibhalbhu kwezi nkqubo kuncinci kakhulu, azisebenzi kakuhle ekunyanga ii-pigment okanye ii-inki ezinemibala.
Ixesha leposi: Oktobha-24-2024
